Whats inside a cell?

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A subcellular structure is any part inside a cell with a specific role. You must know how each subcellular structure helps the cell to function:

 

Animal cells contain:

1. Nucleus – stores DNA and controls cell activities  

2. Cytoplasm – jelly-like fluid where chemical reactions happen  

3. Cell membrane – controls what enters and leaves the cell  

4. Mitochondria – release energy through aerobic respiration  

5. Ribosomes – build proteins  

 

Plant cells also have: 

1. Chloroplasts – contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis  

2. Permanent vacuole – filled with cell sap to maintain shape  

3. Cell wall – made of cellulose for support and strength 

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Exam Tip: When labelling the cell wall and membrane on a cell. The membrane is the inside edge and the wall is the rest of it.