Genetic Engineering

 

Genetic engineering is when scientists modify the genome of an organism by inserting a gene from another organism to get a desired characteristic.

 

Examples include:  

• GM crops: modified to resist pests and get bigger fruit  

• Bacteria: modified to make human insulin

 

How does it work? (HT Only)

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1. Enzymes cut desired gene  

2. Insert gene into vector (plasmid or virus)  

3. Vector inserts gene into target cells (early embryo)  

4. Develops with new trait

 

diagram

 

There are concerns about genetic engineering:

• Impact on wildlife  

• Human health risks